THIRD SECTION

CASE OF YEGOROV AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA

(Applications nos. 32795/16 and 7 others –
see appended list)

JUDGMENT

STRASBOURG

12 October 2017

This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.

In the case of Yegorov and Others v. Russia,
The European Court of Human Rights (Third Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:
	Luis López Guerra, President,
	Dmitry Dedov,
	Jolien Schukking, judges,
and Liv Tigerstedt, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,
Having deliberated in private on 21 September 2017,
Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:
PROCEDURE
1.  The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table.
2.  The applications were communicated to the Russian Government (“the Government”).
THE FACTS
3.  The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table.
4.  The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention. Some applicants also raised complaints under Article 13 of the Convention.
THE LAW
I.  JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS
5.  Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment.
II.  ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 3 OF THE CONVENTION
6.  The applicants complained principally of the inadequate conditions of their detention in the detention facilities and during the periods indicated in the appended table. They relied on Article 3 of the Convention, which reads as follows:
Article 3
“No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.”
7.  The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case‑law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Kudła v. Poland [GC], no. 30210/96, §§ 90‑94, ECHR 2000‑XI, and Ananyev and Others v. Russia, nos. 42525/07 and 60800/08, §§ 139‑165, 10 January 2012). It reiterates in particular that extreme lack of space in a prison cell or overcrowding weighs heavily as an aspect to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the impugned detention conditions were “degrading” from the point of view of Article 3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see, amongst many authorities, Karalevičius v. Lithuania, no. 53254/99, §§ 36‑40, 7 April 2005).
8.  In the leading case of Sergey Babushkin v. Russia, no. 5993/08, 28 November 2013, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case.
9.  Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention in the detention facilities and during the periods, indicated in the appended table, were inadequate.
10.  These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention.
III.  OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW
11.  Some applicants submitted complaints which also raised issues under Article 13 of the Convention, in accordance with the relevant well‑established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose violations of the Convention in the light of its findings in Sergey Babushkin v. Russia, no. 5993/08, §§ 38-45, 28 November 2013.
IV.  REMAINING COMPLAINTS
12.  In application no. 33543/16, the applicant also complained under Article 3 of the Convention about the conditions of his detention during the period preceding 28 February 2014. However, the detention period does not form a continuous situation as it was interrupted by the applicant’s prolonged stay in another facility of which he did not complain (see Gorbulya v. Russia, no. 31535/09, § 47, 6 March 2014). Therefore, the Court finds this complaint about the conditions of his detention before 28 February 2014 to be belated (see Eskerkhanov and Others v. Russia, nos. 18496/16 and 2 others, § 31, 25 July 2017), given that the applicant only lodged his application with the Court on 15 May 2016.
13.  It follows that this part of application no. 33543/16 has been introduced out of time and must be rejected in accordance with Article 35 §§ 1 and 4 of the Convention.
V.  APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION
14.  Article 41 of the Convention provides:
“If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.”
15.  Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see, in particular, Sergey Babushkin v. Russia, (just satisfaction), no. 5993/08, 16 October 2014 and Mozharov and Others v. Russia, no. 16401/12 and 9 others, 21 March 2017), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table.
16.  The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points.
FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY,
1.  Decides to join the applications;

2.  Declares the complaints concerning the inadequate conditions of detention, as well as other complaints under well-established case-law of the Court, as set out in the appended table, admissible, and the remainder of the application no. 33543/16 inadmissible;

3.  Holds that these complaints disclose a breach of Article 3 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention;

4.  Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention as regards the other complaints raised under well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table);

5.  Holds
(a)  that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;
(b)  that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.
Done in English, and notified in writing on 12 October 2017, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.
	Liv Tigerstedt	Luis López Guerra
	Acting Deputy Registrar	President

APPENDIX
List of applications raising complaints under Article 3 of the Convention
(inadequate conditions of detention)
No.	Application no.
Date of introduction	Applicant name
Date of birth
	Facility
Start and end date
Duration	Number of inmates per brigade
Sq. m. per inmate
Number of toilets per brigade	Specific grievances	Other complaints under well-established case-law	Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant
(in euros)	
1.		32795/16
18/05/2016	Andrey Vladimirovich Yegorov
25/12/1987	IK-8 Ukhta, Komi
07/06/2014 to
22/11/2015
1 year(s) and 5 month(s) and 16 day(s)	1.1 m²
1 toilet(s)	overcrowding, mouldy or dirty cell, lack of fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack or insufficient quantity of food, poor quality of food, lack of privacy for toilet, no or restricted access to shower, lack or inadequate furniture, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen	Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention 	5,000	
2.		33543/16
15/05/2016	Mikhail Yuryevich Mineyev
01/11/1975	IK-7 Kostroma region
28/02/2014 to
25/02/2016
1 year(s) and 11 month(s) and 29 day(s)	120 inmate(s)
1 m²
3 toilet(s)	overcrowding, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, poor quality of potable water, poor quality of food, lack of or insufficient natural light		5,000	
3.		44913/16
22/07/2016	Sergey Valentinovich Varentsov
26/02/1969	IK-1 Kostromskaya Region
18/08/2015 to
24/05/2016
9 month(s) and 7 day(s)	120 inmate(s)
1.6 m²
3 toilet(s)	no or restricted access to running water, poor quality of food, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of fresh air, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of privacy for toilet, sharing cells with inmates infected with contagious disease, mouldy or dirty cell		4,300	
4.		45190/16
30/06/2016	Valeriy Pavlovich Shmelev
26/05/1960	IK-25 Kirovskiy Region
09/03/2016 to
30/03/2016
22 day(s)	8 inmate(s)
2 m²	overcrowding, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of fresh air, passive smoking, lack or insufficient quantity of food, lack or inadequate furniture, inadequate temperature, no or restricted access to shower, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air	Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention 	1,000	
5.		64785/16
28/10/2016	Yuriy Alekseyevich Belskiy
06/10/1970	IK-11 Nizhniy Novgorod Region
27/01/2013 to
26/07/2016
3 year(s) and 6 month(s)	140 inmate(s)
2 m²
6 toilet(s)	lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, no or restricted access to warm water, lack or insufficient quantity of food, inadequate clothing		5,000	
6.		65913/16
08/11/2016	Rustem Mintagirovich Ganiyev
20/03/1983	IK-11 Nizhniy Novgorod Region
04/03/2013 to
18/10/2016
3 year(s) and 7 month(s) and 15 day(s)	143 inmate(s)
1.5-1.6 m²
9 toilet(s)	overcrowding, lack of or restricted access to leisure or educational activities, bunk beds, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to toilet, no or restricted access to warm water, poor quality of food, infestation of cell with insects/rodents		5,000	
7.		76874/16
21/11/2016	Yevgeniy Sergeyevich Kulik
12/08/1982	IK-29 Sorda, Kirov Region
15/06/2015
pending
More than 2 year(s) and
1 month(s) and 11 day(s)		lack of fresh air, poor quality of food, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, bunk beds, lack of or insufficient electric light	Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention
	7,300	
8.		76903/16
28/11/2016	Sergey Sergeyevich Ryabov
11/08/1980	IK-11 Bor, Nizhniy Novgorod Region
03/12/2012
pending
More than 4 year(s) and
7 month(s) and 23 day(s)	130 inmate(s)
1.5 m²
6 toilet(s)	overcrowding, lack or inadequate furniture, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, poor quality of food	Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in respect of inadequate conditions of detention 	7,000